(28th-August-2020)
The difference between background knowledge and observation was described in Section 5.3.1. When we use reasoning under uncertainty, the background model is described in terms of a probabilistic model, and the observations form evidence that must be conditioned on.
Within probability, there are two ways to state that a is true:
• The first is to state that the probability of a is 1 by writing P(a)=1.
• The second is to condition on a, which involves using a on the right-hand side of the conditional bar, as in P(·| a).
The first method states that a is true in all possible worlds. The second says that the agent is only interested in worlds where a happens to be true.
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